Description
MPU-6050 3-Axis Accelerometer & Gyroscope Sensor Module
The MPU-6050 3-Axis Accelerometer and Gyroscope Sensor Module is a compact motion-sensing module that combines a 3-axis accelerometer and a 3-axis gyroscope in a single sensor.
It can measure acceleration along the X, Y, and Z axes and angular velocity around the three axes, making it useful for detecting motion, orientation changes, tilt, rotation, and vibration.
The module communicates with a microcontroller through the I²C interface, making it suitable for Arduino, ESP32, Raspberry Pi, robotics, drones, balancing robots, and other motion-sensing projects.
Key Features
- 3-axis accelerometer
- 3-axis gyroscope
- 6-axis motion sensing
- I²C digital communication interface
- Compact module design
- Suitable for Arduino and ESP32 projects
- Useful for robotics and drone applications
- Suitable for motion and orientation detection
- Useful for balancing and stabilization projects
- Suitable for DIY and educational electronics
Technical Specifications
| Specification | Details |
|---|---|
| Product Type | 6-Axis Motion Sensor Module |
| Sensor | MPU-6050 |
| Accelerometer | 3-Axis |
| Gyroscope | 3-Axis |
| Total Motion Axes | 6 |
| Communication Interface | I²C |
| Accelerometer Ranges | ±2g, ±4g, ±8g, ±16g |
| Gyroscope Ranges | ±250, ±500, ±1000, ±2000 °/s |
| Application | Motion, Tilt & Rotation Sensing |
| Suitable For | Arduino, ESP32, Raspberry Pi, Robotics & DIY Projects |
Pin Configuration
Common MPU-6050 breakout boards provide pins such as:
| Pin | Function |
|---|---|
| VCC | Power Supply |
| GND | Ground |
| SCL | I²C Clock |
| SDA | I²C Data |
| XDA | Auxiliary I²C Data* |
| XCL | Auxiliary I²C Clock* |
| AD0 | I²C Address Selection* |
| INT | Interrupt Output* |
*Pin availability depends on the specific breakout-board version.
How It Works
The MPU-6050 combines two types of motion sensing:
Accelerometer: Measures linear acceleration along the X, Y, and Z axes. It can be used to determine movement, tilt, and changes in acceleration.
Gyroscope: Measures angular velocity around the X, Y, and Z axes. It can be used to detect rotation and changes in orientation.
By combining the accelerometer and gyroscope data, a microcontroller can be used to estimate the motion and orientation of a device.
Applications
- Arduino motion sensing
- ESP32 projects
- Self-balancing robots
- Robotics
- Drone stabilization
- RC projects
- Motion tracking
- Tilt detection
- Orientation sensing
- Vibration monitoring
- Gesture and motion projects
- DIY electronics
- Educational projects
Compatibility
The module can be used with compatible:
- Arduino boards
- ESP32
- Raspberry Pi
- STM32
- Other microcontrollers supporting I²C
Important Note
The MPU-6050 module is a motion sensor, not a standalone orientation/GPS sensor. Accurate orientation estimation generally requires sensor calibration and software processing such as sensor fusion.
The exact power requirements and breakout-board pin configuration can vary between module versions. Verify the specifications of the particular board before connecting it to your controller.
MPU6050 module uses the popular MPU6050 Sensor which includes both a 3 axis accelerometer and a 3 axis gyroscope in a single package.The sensor can be interfaced through a I2C connection which allows an easy and direct interface between the sensor and a micro controller.
The MPU-6000/MPU-6050 family of parts are the world’s first and only 6-axis Motion Tracking devices designed for the low power, low cost, and high performance requirements of smartphones, tablets and wearable sensors.
The 6 Degree of Freedom sensor breakout integrate with the MPU6050 sensor and the low noise 3.3v regulator and pull-up resistors for the I2C bus.
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